Egg Industry Overview
Shell Egg Distribution
Number of 30 Dozen Cases in Millions
| Year | Total | Retail | Breaker | Institution | Export |
| 2022 | 261.1 | 147.9 | 76.5 | 32.3 | 4.4 |
| 100% | 56.6% | 29.3% | 12.4% | 3.7% | |
| 2021 | 265.7 | 148.1 | 76.2 | 31.6 | 9.8 |
| 100% | 55.7% | 28.7% | 11.9% | 3.7% | |
| 2020 | 269.2 | 161.2 | 74.9 | 25.4 | 7.8 |
| 100% | 59.9% | 27.8% | 9.4% | 2.9% | |
| 2019 | 275.2 | 165.5 | 82.9 | 19.3 | 7.6 |
| 100.0% | 60.1% | 30.1% | 7.0% | 2.8% | |
| 2018 | 267.1 | 159.8 | 80.1 | 19.8 | 7.4 |
| 100.0% | 59.8% | 30.0% | 7.4% | 2.8% | |
| 2017 | 258.1 | 153.1 | 76.8 | 20.6 | 7.5 |
| 100.0% | 59.3% | 29.8% | 8.0% | 2.9% | |
| 2016 | 245.6 | 143.9 | 76.3 | 19.6 | 5.7 |
| 100.0% | 58.6% | 31.1% | 8.0% | 2.3% | |
| 2015 | 231.0 | 133.1 | 69.3 | 20.8 | 7.8 |
| 100% | 57.6% | 30.0% | 9.0% | 3.4% | |
| 2014 | 241.6 | 132.5 | 76.0 | 21.7 | 11.3 |
| 100% | 54.9% | 31.5% | 9.0% | 4.7% | |
| 2013 | 235.5 | 130.3 | 73.3 | 21.2 | 10.8 |
| 100.0% | 55.3% | 31.1% | 9.0% | 4.6% | |
| 2012 | 223.7 | 123.8 | 71.3 | 20.1 | 8.5 |
| 100.0% | 55.3% | 31.9% | 9.0% | 3.8% | |
| 2011 | 219.6 | 125.0 | 69.7 | 17.6 | 7.4 |
| 100.0% | 56.9% | 31.7% | 8.0% | 3.4% | |
| 2010 | 218.1 | 124.8 | 68.9 | 17.4 | 6.9 |
| 100.0% | 57.2% | 31.6% | 8.0% | 3.2% | |
| 2009 | 216.0 | 124.8 | 66.4 | 18.4 | 6.4 |
| 100.0% | 57.8% | 30.7% | 8.5% | 3.0% | |
| 2008 | 213.1 | 121.8 | 67.6 | 18.8 | 5.0 |
| 100.0% | 57.1% | 31.7% | 8.8% | 2.4% | |
U.S. Egg Facts
Per capita consumption is a measure of total egg production, less exports, plus imports, divided by the total population. It does not represent demand.*
| Year | Per Capita Consumption |
| 2023 | 287.4* |
| 2022 | 276.6 |
| 2021 | 280.4 |
| 2020 | 285.4 |
| 2019 | 291.6 |
| 2018 | 287.5 |
Source: USDA U.S. Red Meat and Poultry Forecasts https://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/pub-details/?pubid=103761 (accessed May 6, 2022)
State/Number of Hens
Currently, the top 10 egg producing states (ranked by number of hens represented in millions) as of January 2023.
| State | Millions of Hens |
| Iowa | 40.4 |
| Indiana | 36.0 |
| Ohio | 35.5 |
| Pennsylvania | 22.6 |
| Michigan | 16.3 |
| California | 11.4 |
| Georgia | 9.9 |
| Minnesota | 8.1 |
| Missouri | 7.2 |
| North Carolina | 7.1 |
This is table egg layers in flocks with 30,000 or more hens.
Texas is one of the top egg producing states but the number is not reported by USDA (the last estimate was 17.8 million in January 2019).
| Flock Size (million hens) | January 2022 | January 2021 | January 2020 | January 2019 | January 2018 |
| Total Layers | 326.0 | 326.8 | 339.9 | 341.8 | 329.6 |
| Total Cage-Free Layers | 111.1 | 82.3 | 69.6 | 57.2 | 50.2 |
| Cage-Free Non Organic | 92.9 | 65.0 | 54.0 | 41.5 | 35.7 |
| Certified Organic | 18.2 | 17.3 | 15.7 | 15.7 | 14.6 |
USDA AMS Shell Eggs: Monthly USDA Cage-Free Shell Egg Report https://usda.library.cornell.edu/concern/publications/rj4304553?locale=en#release-items